(Apple did make one exception for OS X 10.6, which never had a code-name beyond Snow Leopard.) Though Apple's external code-names for OS X switched to California places in 2013, the internal code-names remained wine-based until 2014. In 2015, the development team switched to types of apples, with OS X 10.11 El Capitan (AKA 'Gala'). IOS was previously known as iPhone OS, despite also being available on the iPod Touch (1st, 2nd, and 3rd generations) and the original iPad. IPhone OS 1 – derived from 'OS X' (At the time, 'macOS' was still known as 'Mac OS X' and not 'OS X' as it was known from 2012 to 2016.). Mac OS X Snow Leopard is intended to be a release aimed to refine the existing feature set, expand the technological capabilities of the operating system, and improve application efficiency. Many of the changes involve how the system works in the background and are not intended to be seen by the user.
By Xah Lee. Date: . Last updated: .
On MacOS terminal, sometimesthe command ls will show an at sign @. What does it mean?
That means the file has Extended file attributes.
Here's a quote from man ls:
If the file or directory has extended attributes, the permissions fieldprinted by the -l option is followed by a '@' character. Otherwise, ifthe file or directory has extended security information (such as an accesscontrol list), the permissions field printed by the -l option is followedby a '+' character.
What's Extended Attribute?
Summary:
In Ecstasy's Name Mac Os X
Standard Attributes. For example, creation date, modification date, permission.
Extended Attributes Stores extra, customizable, small info. For example, author name, file character encoding, short comments, security status.
Resource Fork. Widely used before Mac OS X , can be considered as a more elaborate extended attribute system, and may also hold main data of the file. (See: Mac OS X Resource Fork and Command Line Tips)
View Extended Attribute with ls
ls -l -@ filename
Show Attribute with xattr
xattr filename
To see how to use xattr, do
man xattr
xattr -h
Delete All Extended Attribute
To deletes all extended attributes:
xattr -c filename
What to Put in Extended Attribute?
In Ecstasy's Name Mac Os Catalina
Extended Attributes are name/value pairs. The names areUnicode characters of less than 128 bytes. (they are probably encoded in utf-8 or utf-16) The values can be text or binary, recommended to be less than 4 kibibit.
There's no standardize structure for names. Anyone can add a attribute named for example “xyz” to a particular file. Apple recommends the use of reverse DNS naming scheme to prevent name clash. This is the same scheme adopted by Java. Example:
In Ecstasy's Name Mac Os 11
If you have a domain name, such as “example.com” then your attribute name for file of author can be “com.example.author”. If you don't have a domain name, just make sure the name is not likely used by others.
In Ecstasy's Name Mac Os Download
If you have a question, put $5 at patreon and message me.